基于DEM模型的新填洼算法     

于淼  任立良 《地球信息科学学报》2009,11(1):50-55

本文介绍一种新的填洼算法,该算法定义了溢出高程的概念,并在最小代价搜索算法中结合数据结构中的优先队列,逐步算出每一个栅格的溢出高程,最后得到的高程就是填洼处理的高程数据.利用STL库完成填洼模块的开发,通过对不同分辨率的DEM的处理,发现该算法程序简单,运行速度快,该算法提取的水系效果较好.  相似文献   

应用探地雷达技术检测隧道衬砌质量   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

刘敦文  黄仁东  徐国元  吕苗荣 《物探与化探》2001,25(6):469-473

介绍了应用探地雷达检测隧道衬砌质量的原理及技术,阐述了该技术的基本方法及其数据图像处理过程。老木峪隧道衬砌质量检测结果表明,应用探地雷达技术检测隧道衬砌效果良好,其衬砌厚度检测误差在 5 %之内,并能准确检测出衬砌内布筋数量,对回填层密实程度也可作出粗略估计。  相似文献   

The hydraulic conductivity of the fractures intersecting Cambrian sandstone rock masses, central Jordan     

Ali El-Naqa 《Environmental Geology》2001,40(8):973-982

This paper outlines the hydraulic characteristics of fractured rock masses and their implication in engineering works. The hydraulic behavior of subsurface fracture systems has been evaluated by means of hydraulic testing using packer tests and by fracture analysis. A comparison of the borehole results with those of surface fracture mapping provides a reasonable correlation between the two methods of measuring fractured rock hydraulic conductivity. The mean hydraulic conductivity value obtained from the boreholes is 36.5 LU (9.26᎒^-5 m/s), while the mean value of hydraulic conductivity obtained from field mapping of fracture data is in the order of 1᎒^-5 m/s. Based on the hydraulic conductivity values the sandstone rock mass can be considered medium to highly conductive; nevertheless, it seems to be almost impervious at greater depth. The empirical relationships which have been derived between hydraulic conductivity and both rock quality designation (RQD) and rock mass rating (RMR) indices indicated that the mean value of hydraulic conductivity of the rock mass could be estimated to be in the order of 10^-5 m/s, which is confirmed by the packer tests.  相似文献   

Comparative concentrations of metals in marine species from French Frigate Shoals, North Pacific Ocean.     

X S Miao  L A Woodward  C Swenson  Q X Li 《Marine pollution bulletin》2001,42(11):1049-1054

Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, and zinc were measured in coral, crab, eel, fish, lobster, and sediment samples collected from French Frigate Shoals, North Pacific Ocean. The sediments contained relatively high concentrations of selenium; moderate concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper and lead; and low concentrations of chromium and zinc. Metal concentrations were also determined in coral and crabs collected from the island of Oahu. Notably, a crab (Grapsus tenuicrustatus) and the undulated moray eel (Gymnothorax undulatus) exhibited high levels of copper and arsenic, respectively, relative to the other species studied. The concentrations of arsenic in the eel averaged 225 microg g(-1) dry wt, which was 3-12 times higher than that in all of the other species tested. The average concentration of copper in the crab was 343 microg g(-1) dry wt, 3-86 times greater than that in the other species studied. These data indicate background and comparative levels of the metals among the studied species. Lead levels in the coral (9-10 microg g(-1) dry wt) and crab (42-57 microg g(-1) dry wt) from Tern and Disappearing Islands were 23-283-fold greater than those from Oahu (0.4 and 0.2 microg g(-1) dry wt, respectively).  相似文献   

1987年我国低空流场的特征分析     

梁汉明  江燕如等 《南京气象学院学报》1995,18(1):100-106

使用1987年各月逐日2个时次地面、300、600、900、500、1000、1500、2000、3000m的风场资料，计算并分析其流场特征，得出我国低空各层次流场的年、季、月平均分布特征。同时还发现我国各台站的边界层内普遍存在一个明显风速极大值区，并得出它所在的高度、风向、风速以及出现频率。  相似文献   

Dispersive Particle Transport: Identification of Macroscale Behavior in Heterogeneous Stratified Subsurface Flows     

Ali Fadili  Rachid Ababou  Roland Lenormand 《Mathematical Geology》1999,31(7):793-840

Dispersive mass transport processes in naturally heterogeneous geological formations (porous media) are investigated based on a particle approach to mass transport and on its numerical implementation using LPT3D, a Lagrangian Particle Tracking 3D code. We are currently using this approach for studying microscale and macroscale space–time behavior (advection, diffusion, dispersion) of tracer plumes, solutes, or miscible fluids, in 1,2,3-dimensional heterogeneous and anisotropic subsurface formations (aquifers, petroleum reservoirs). Our analyses are based on a general advection-diffusion model and numerical scheme where concentrations and fluxes are discretized in terms of particles. The advection-diffusion theory is presented in a probabilistic framework, and in particular, a numerical analysis is developed for the case of advective transport and rotational flows (numerical stability of the explicit Euler scheme). The remainder of the paper is devoted to the behavior of concentration, mass flux density, and statistical moments of the transported tracer plume in the case of heterogeneous steady flow fields, where macroscale dispersion occurs due to geologic heterogeneity and stratification. We focus on the case of perfectly stratified or multilayered media, obtained by generating many horizontal layers with a purely random transverse distribution of permeability and horizontal velocity. In this case, we calculate explicitly the exact mass concentration field C(x, t), mass flux density field f(x, t), and moments. This includes spatial moments and dispersion variance ² _x (t) on a finite domain L, and temporal moments on a finite time scale T, e.g., the mass variance of arrival times ² _T (x). The moments are related to flux concentrations in a way that takes explicitly into account finite space–time scales of analysis (time-dependent tracer mass; spatially variable flow through mass). The multilayered model problem is then used in numerical experiments for testing different ways of recovering information on tracer plume migration, dispersion, concentration and flux fields. Our analyses rely on a probabilistic interpretation that emerges naturally from the particle approach; it is based on spatial moments (particle positions), temporal moments (mass weighted arrival times), and probability densities (both concentrations and fluxes). Finally, as an alternative to direct estimations of the flux and concentration fields, we formulate and study the Moment Inverse Problem. Solving the MIP yields an indirect method for estimating the space–time distribution of flux concentrations based on observed or estimated moments of the plume. The moments may be estimated from field measurements, or numerically computed by particle tracking as we do here.  相似文献   

Sketch maps for searching in spatial data     

Ali Zare Zardiny  Farshad Hakimpour  Mozhdeh Shahbazi 《Transactions in GIS》2020,24(3):780-808

Much research has been conducted on the use of sketch maps to search in spatial databases, nevertheless, they have faced challenges, such as modeling of the data abstraction level, aggregated features in sketches, modeling of semantic aspects of data, data redundancy, and evaluation of the results. Considering these challenges, in this article a new solution is presented for searching in databases based on data matching. The main difference between this solution and the other approaches lies in the parameters introduced to match data and how to solve the matching problem. Using geometrical, topological, and semantic parameters in the matching, as well as performing the matching process in the two phases of partial and global, has resulted in an of about 78%. The evaluation process is performed based on the matching parameters and the matching procedure; finally, the result is acceptable compared to previous implementations.  相似文献   

“一带一路”区域气候变化事实、影响及可能风险   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王会军  唐国利  陈海山  吴绍洪  效存德  姜大膀  周波涛  孙建奇  段明铿  徐影  罗勇  杨晓光  王凡  康世昌  王毅  高清竹  左军成  张元明  魏伟  郑景云  王国庆  高学杰  李宁  刘传玉  曾晓东  鲍艳松  张弛  曾刚  孙博  黄艳艳  施宁  尹志聪  张杰  俞淼  陈活泼  祝亚丽  马洁华  燕青  郭东林  张颖  高雅  吴通华  刘慧  谭显春  尹云鹤  于仁成  黄海军  许艳  刘娜  战云键  任玉玉 《大气科学学报》2020,43(1):1-9

“一带一路”区域国家经济、政治发展极不平衡,随着全球气候变暖,区域内的自然环境、气候资源、水资源等都将面临着显著而复杂的变化,并且干旱、洪涝等多种气候灾害是“一带一路”区域可持续发展和重大基础设施建设面临的重大威胁之一。目前,“一带一路”倡议已经进入实质性建设阶段,沿线地区的气候变化及其灾害风险关乎“一带一路”倡议能否顺利实施及亚投行的投资安全。在此背景下,2016—2018年中国科学院地球科学学部实施了“‘一带一路’区域气候变化问题”咨询评议项目,项目针对该区域气候变化的事实、未来变化预估、气候变化的可能影响以及带来的潜在风险等问题进行了系统的调研,并开展了若干分析和研究。经过两年的努力,项目组完成了有关进展报告四份,包括一份总报告和三份分报告。本文扼要地概括和介绍了项目取得的主要成果。  相似文献   

冬季亚澳季风环流的低频耦合过程   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

何金海  王坚红  苗春生 《热带气象学报》1993,(3)

利用1982—1983年和1984—1985年两个冬季的欧洲中期预报中心格点资料研究了冬季东亚西风急流与澳大利亚夏季风在低频尺度上的相互作用与可能的传播方式。结果表明,我国北部上空的西风急流(及相应的锋区)与澳大利亚的夏季风的低频变化有很好的一致性。它们的联系和相互作用表现为:东亚西风急流通过改变西北太平洋地区的越赤道气流影响澳大利亚夏季风的低频变化,而澳大利亚夏季风则通过增强或减弱的高空辐散向北气流影响东亚西风急流。将这种相互作用称为亚澳季风环流的“低频耦合过程”。  相似文献   

A stable method for linearized inversion of elastic parameters     

M. Ali C. Tura  Lane R. Johnson 《Geophysical Journal International》1993,115(1):1-13

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